Osteoarthritis

Common symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. The symptoms often develop gradually and worsen over time.

Osteoarthritis commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine, as well as joints in the hands.

The exact cause is often unknown, but factors such as ageing, joint injury, obesity, and genetic predisposition can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis.

Diagnosis is usually based on medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as X-rays. Blood tests may be done to rule out other types of arthritis.

Maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and protecting joints from excessive stress are important. Physical therapy and pain management strategies can also be beneficial.

Pain relievers like acetaminophen and NSAIDs may be recommended. In some cases, corticosteroid injections or hyaluronic acid injections into the joint can help manage symptoms.

Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition with no cure. However, treatments can help manage symptoms and improve the quality of life.

Joint replacement surgery, such as knee or hip replacement, is considered when conservative treatments no longer provide relief, and the joint damage is severe.

While it may not be entirely preventable, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding joint injuries, and managing risk factors such as obesity can reduce the risk of developing osteoarthritis.

Yes, exercise is beneficial. Low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, and cycling can help improve joint function and reduce pain.

Physical therapy can provide exercises to strengthen muscles around the affected joint, improve flexibility, and teach proper body mechanics to reduce stress on joints.